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BrunoG
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Cyber
Joined: 25 Jan 2007
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 Posted: Thu Jan 25, 2007 4:34 pm Post subject: Some Questions |
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Hi Bruno,
First of all, your projects are outstanding - I like some of them very much (excuse me for my poor english) 
I am trying your PAL example on Easy Pic 4. I've used 18F4520 and reduced the lines from
to
in order to fit to my ROM/RAM space.
I've connected RE0 and GND to TV's input - but there are some unsync llines all over - no image shown.
So, here are my questions:
1. Is it OK to use EP4 or I need to Iron your sample circuit?
2. Do I need to modify more lines in your example code?
Thanks in advance, I am quite interested in this project.
Regards,
Angel |
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BrunoG
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| Posted: Thu Jan 25, 2007 7:36 pm Post subject: |
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Hi Angel, thank you for your message 
1 -> Yes you can use EasyPIC4, just wire the two resistors R8 and R9 as shown on schematic :
http://www.micro-examples.com/public/microex-navig/doc/089-pic-pal-tv#17
try also different values of R9 from 470 to 100 ohms, or change R8 and R9 to a 1K potentiometer and adjust it until you get a stable video picture.
2 -> Yes, you should first reduce the height of the welcome picture like this :
| Code: | | PAL_picture(0, 0, logo_bmp, 128, 64) ; // paint picture |
it is the user's responsibility with this function not to exceed boundaries, because the library does not check the sizes for better performance.
with this adjustments you should at least be able to display the top part of the welcome picture. the other library functions are supposed to check screen boundaries, and no adjustment should be necessary to get the second screen.
don't hesitate to ask for more help, and tell us if you can get any success 
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Najman
Joined: 07 Apr 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Andorra
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| Posted: Sat Apr 07, 2007 7:09 pm Post subject: PIC PAL Library |
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Hi there!
First of all, congartulation for all your work!
I am trying to make your PIC PAL project with a PICDEM2+, a 18F4525 with 20MHz crystal and the C18 compiler...
I ve made some changes in order to compile but i have some problems...
Could you tell me wich functions do I have to modify to work with a 20MHz crystal? Is it possible (any time problems?). I have changed the functions delay_us...
In the main function I try to output only a white screen(PAL_fill(0xFF) but I get a black screen with some strange white dots passing through...
can u help me?
Thx.
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BrunoG
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| Posted: Sat Apr 07, 2007 10:30 pm Post subject: |
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Hi Najman, thank you !
The PIC needs to be clocked at 40 Mhz (10 Mhz crystal + HS PLL) to run the PIC PAL library correctly.
A 20 Mhz clock would be possible with a lot of adjustments in the program, but the horizontal resolution would be divided by two...
Changing the crystal would be a lot easier !
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Najman
Joined: 07 Apr 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Andorra
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| Posted: Sun Apr 08, 2007 2:44 pm Post subject: |
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Ok man, I ll try it ant I ll tell u something!!!
cheers. 
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Najman
Joined: 07 Apr 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Andorra
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| Posted: Wed Apr 11, 2007 10:14 am Post subject: |
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Hi Bruno,
I have tried with a crystal of 10MHz with the HSPLL...
I ve modified some parts of the code concerning the time, hera are the modified lines:
In the PAL_Library:
#define PAL_HSYNC(d) PAL_BVID = 0 ; PAL_BSYNC = 0 ; Delay_us(d)
#define PAL_BLACK(d) PAL_BVID = 0 ; PAL_BSYNC = 1 ; Delay_us(d);
In the ISR:
if(PAL_lineCode & 2) Delay_us(PAL_DELAY4) ; else Delay_us(PAL_DELAY28 - 6) ;
if(PAL_lineCode &  Delay_us(PAL_DELAY4) ; else Delay_us(PAL_DELAY28) ;
if(PAL_lineCode & 32) Delay_us(PAL_DELAY4) ; else Delay_us(PAL_DELAY28) ;
And at the begining of the ISR, I put a value in TMR0L in order to have a 64us timer interrupt.
I am using a 18F4525 so as I don t have as much RAM as the 4620 I put only 45 lines:
#define PAL_Y 45
well with all this changes i see on the screen 16 white bars separated with a black line... It s a pitty I cannot upload a picture on the forum... It seems like I send 1 black bit every 7 white bits...
I m not used to work in assembler but in the definition of PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT you output on port D only 7 bits... Is that correct?
However when i look at the output signal on the scope, I see a good video signal except a small jitter(a small delay of 300ns every x frames or lines)
It would be great if I could send u some pictures in order to understand me better...
Hope u ll give me some advice!
thank you.
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BrunoG
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| Posted: Wed Apr 11, 2007 8:46 pm Post subject: |
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Hello,
you can send me pictures by email, I will add them here.
PIC18F4525 and PIC18F4620 are the same, the only difference is the FLASH memory size : the program should work as it is, with the same number of video lines 
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Najman
Joined: 07 Apr 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Andorra
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| Posted: Thu Apr 12, 2007 11:15 am Post subject: |
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Hi bruno,
You are right about the Flas and the RAM, I said something without checking it... sorry
But you didn't answer me this question:
"I m not used to work in assembler but in the definition of PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT you output on port D only 7 bits... Is that correct?
"
I ll send you the pictures as soon as I can.
Thx.
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BrunoG
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| Posted: Thu Apr 12, 2007 11:48 am Post subject: |
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Hello,
not exactly :
there are 7 shifts (PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT) and one load (PAL_BLOCK_HEAD or PAL_BLOCK_LOAD) so that all 8 bits of PORTD are used
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BrunoG
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| Posted: Thu Apr 12, 2007 9:22 pm Post subject: |
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| Najman wrote: | I ll send you the pictures as soon as I can.
 |
thanks for the pictures, this is the most significant one.
did you make any changes to the PIC PAL library ?
the video line seems to be very short on your screen.
can you post the code of the main program ? it seems that screen memory is not correcty defined.
for example, to display vertical lines, it should be something like this (not tested) :
| Code: | #include "PAL_Library.h"
/*************
* DEFINITIONS
*************/
/*
* number of vertical pixels
* from 1 to 128 included
* the more pixels you have :
* - the less RAM you have
* - the less MCU time you have
*/
#define PAL_Y 45
/********************
* RAM VARIABLES
********************/
/*
* screen memory map
* do not change this line !
*/
unsigned char PAL_screen[PAL_X * PAL_Y / 8] ;
/*
* interrupt service routine
*/
void interrupt(void)
{
/*
* do PAL stuff
*/
PAL_ISR() ; // library call
}
/*
* main program
*/
void main(void)
{
/*
* I/O configuration
*/
ADCON1 = 0x0f ;
TRISA = 0xff ;
PORTA = 0 ;
TRISB = 0xff ;
PORTB = 0 ;
TRISC = 0xff ;
PORTC = 0 ;
TRISD = 0 ;
PORTD = 0 ;
TRISE = 0 ;
PORTE = 0 ;
/*
* start video and display first screen
*/
PAL_init(PAL_Y) ; // init PAL library
PAL_fill(0xaa) ; // feel screen with vertical lines
PAL_control(PAL_CNTL_START, PAL_CNTL_RENDER) ; // start video and rendering
} |
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Najman
Joined: 07 Apr 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Andorra
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| Posted: Fri Apr 13, 2007 8:25 am Post subject: |
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Hola Bruno,
What's up? thanks for having posted the picture...
Yes I have modified the PAL_Library lightly in order to compile with the C18 Compiler...
her is my code:
| Code: |
#define PAL_Y 45//128
unsigned char PAL_screen[PAL_X * PAL_Y / 8] ;
/***************************************************************\
* Programa principal *
\***************************************************************/
void main (void)
{
//************ Definicio Variables ***************
unsigned char i ;
unsigned int p;
//************ Funcions inicials... ***************
InitGeneral();
fprintf(_H_USER,"\r\nPrincipi programa");
//start video and display first screen
PAL_init(PAL_Y) ; // init PAL library
PAL_fill(0xFF) ; // clear screen
PAL_control(PAL_CNTL_START, PAL_CNTL_RENDER) ; // start video and rendering
i = 0 ;
//************ Programa principal ***************
while (1)
{
// fprintf(_H_USER,"\r\nEstem en while");
for (p=0;p<65000;p++)
RB0=!RB0;
}//while(1)
}//main
/***************************************************************\
* SubRutines *
\***************************************************************/
//********************** InitGeneral
void InitGeneral(void)
{
//Init dels ports
TRISA = 0b11111111;
TRISB = 0b11111100;
TRISC = 0b11111111;
TRISD = 0b11111110;
TRISE = 0b00000110;
PORTA = 0;
PORTB = 0;
PORTC = 0;
PORTD = 0;
PORTE = 0;
//Init entrades totes digitals
ADCON0 = 0b00000000;
ADCON1 = 0b00001111;
ADCON2 = 0b00000000;
//Apaguem WDT
WDTCONbits.SWDTE=0;
//Configuracio Interrupcions
PIE1=0;
PIE2=0;
PEIE = 1;
GIE = 1;
}//void InitGeneral(void)
/**************************************************************\
* SubRutines d INTERRUPCIO *
\**************************************************************/
//obilguem al compilador a escriure les instruccions seguents al vector 0x08 (vector d'IT)
#pragma code high_vector = 0x08
void Interrupt_at_high_vector (void)
{
_asm goto ISR_NostraInt _endasm
}
#pragma code //Fi de obligacio de posar instruccions al vector 0x08
void ISR_NostraInt (void)
{
//estem en IT perque hem rebut un byte d'adreça(el nove bit es un 1)
//abans de comprovar cualsevol cosa mirem si hi ha agut errors en la com
PAL_ISR();
GIE = 1; //no se perque es posa a ZERO!!!aixi que el torno a posar a 1 per seguretat
}//void ISR_NostraInt (void)
|
and here is the ISR, i Just put the timer to another value in orther to have a 64us interrupt, and I ve modified your Delay_us ...
| Code: |
void PAL_ISR(void)
{
if(TMR0IF)
{
unsigned char a, b, c, d ; // temporary registers
TMR0H=0; // A FER
TMR0L=86;//95;
PAL_BVID = 0 ; // end of previous line
PAL_BSYNC = 0 ;
a = TBLPTRL ; // save PIC index registers (not done by compiler)
b = TBLPTRH ;
c = TBLPTRU ;
d = TABLAT ;
PAL_lineCode = *PAL_linePtr ; // get curret line code
if(PAL_lineCode == PAL_LVIDEO) // is it a visible video line ?
{
unsigned char *ptr ; // temporary pointer
volatile char dummy ; // dummy char to please compiler
/*
* start of video line
*/
PAL_HSYNC(3) ; // horizontal sync : low level
PAL_BSYNC = 1 ; // ultra black
/*
* during ultra black level :
*/
PAL_lineVideo++ ; // next line number
if(PAL_lineVideo == 287) // last line ?
{
// next step in line table
PAL_linePtr++ ;
PAL_lineIdx++ ;
}
/*
* points to the first 8 pixels of the line
*/
ptr = PAL_screen + (((PAL_lineVideo - PAL_shift_y) & 0b11111110) << 3) ;
/*
* make left border
*/
PAL_MAKE_BORDER ;
/*
* is rendering enabled and line number within limits ?
* if not, a border color line will be displayed
*/
if(PAL_render && ((PAL_lineVideo >= PAL_shift_y) && (PAL_lineVideo < PAL_max_y)))
{
/*
* yes, display one video line
* one line is 16 bytes ( x 8 = 128 pixels)
*/
dummy = *ptr ; // dummy assignement lo let the compiler know PAL_ISR_ptr
PAL_BLOCK_HEAD ; // header
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ; // shift bits, preload and load
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ; PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ;
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ;
PAL_MAKE_BORDER ; // make right border
}
}
else
{
/*
* vertical synchronization
* decode the PAL_lineCode and build the 4 parts of the sync line
*/
PAL_BSYNC = (PAL_lineCode & 1) ? 1 : 0 ; // first part
if(PAL_lineCode & 2)
Delay10TCYx(4);
else
Delay10TCYx(22);//delay per 22us
PAL_linePtr++ ;
PAL_lineIdx++ ;
PAL_lineVideo = 0 ;
/*
* points to the next line type
*/
if(PAL_lineIdx == sizeof(PAL_ltype)) // end of table ?
{
PAL_lineIdx = 0 ; // back to start
PAL_linePtr = PAL_ltype;
//PAL_linePtr = &(PAL_ltype[0]);
PAL_frameCtr++ ;
}
PAL_BSYNC = (PAL_lineCode & 4) ? 1 : 0 ; // second part
if(PAL_lineCode != PAL_LINFO)
{
if(PAL_lineCode & 8)
Delay10TCYx(4);
else
Delay10TCYx(28);
PAL_BSYNC = (PAL_lineCode & 16) ? 1 : 0 ; // third part
if(PAL_lineCode & 32)
Delay10TCYx(4);
else
Delay10TCYx(28);
PAL_BSYNC = (PAL_lineCode & 64) ? 1 : 0 ; // fourth part (no delay is needed)
}
}
TBLPTRL = a ; // restore PIC index registers
TBLPTRH = b ;
TBLPTRU = c ;
TABLAT = d ;
TMR0IF = 0 ; // clear TIMER 0 interrupt flag
}
}//void PAL_ISR()
|
well this is my code, hope you ll see something wrong...
see ya! 
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BrunoG
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| Posted: Fri Apr 13, 2007 9:38 am Post subject: |
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Ok, you will have to change this macro definitions :
PAL_BLOCK_HEAD
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT
PAL_BLOCK_LOAD
they are optimized for mikroC compiler, and they surely not fit C18 compiler array management, because they directly access a pointer managed by the mikroC compiler.
PAL_BLOCK_HEAD loads indirect access register FSR0 with address of the byte of the first pixel of the line to be displayed, and moves the byte to the PORTD register
PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT shifts PORTD and moves video memory map pointer at the same time
PAL_BLOCK_LOAD moves next byte to the be shifted to the PORTD register
you will also have to adjust every delay, even if it is a nop, accordingly to the code generated by the C18 compiler
it is quite a big work, because the library is higly time-sensitive, and higly dependent to the code produced by the compiler.
by the way, the library has been developed on an EasyPIC4 board, with no extra hardware but the two resistors and the silicon diode
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Najman
Joined: 07 Apr 2007
Posts: 7
Location: Andorra
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| Posted: Fri Apr 13, 2007 10:15 am Post subject: |
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Hi,
I don't really understand when you say:
| Quote: | | "they are optimized for mikroC compiler" |
in wich way is it optimised??? It's the same assembler language... isn't it?
I guess I can make the assembler code, but I don't understand what is going to change from yours...
Well, honestly I haven't analysed it, but here are my compiler's macros translation in assemble...
The Macros:
| Code: |
#define PAL_MAKE_BORDER _asm MOVFF PAL_border, PORTD _endasm
#define PAL_BLOCK_HEAD\
_asm MOVFF ptr, FSR0L _endasm \
_asm MOVFF ptr+1, FSR0H _endasm\
_asm MOVFF POSTINC0, PORTD _endasm
#define PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT\
_asm INFSNZ ptr, 1, 1 _endasm\
_asm INCF ptr+1, 1, 1 _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm MOVFF ptr, FSR0L _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm MOVFF ptr+1, FSR0H _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm nop _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm nop _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm nop _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm nop _endasm\
_asm RRCF PORTD, 1, 0 _endasm\
_asm nop _endasm
#define PAL_BLOCK_LOAD\
_asm MOVFF POSTINC0, PORTD _endasm
|
The assembler code
| Code: |
554: PAL_MAKE_BORDER ;
1478 C0BB MOVFF 0xbb, 0xf83
147A FF83 NOP
568: PAL_BLOCK_HEAD ; // header
14C0 C004 MOVFF 0x4, 0xfe9
14C2 FFE9 NOP
14C4 C005 MOVFF 0x5, 0xfea
14C6 FFEA NOP
14C8 CFEE MOVFF 0xfee, 0xf83
14CA FF83 NOP
569:
570: PAL_BLOCK_SHIFT ;
14CC 4B04 INFSNZ 0x4, F, BANKED
14CE 2B05 INCF 0x5, F, BANKED
14D0 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14D2 C004 MOVFF 0x4, 0xfe9
14D4 FFE9 NOP
14D6 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14D8 C005 MOVFF 0x5, 0xfea
14DA FFEA NOP
14DC 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14DE 0000 NOP
14E0 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14E2 0000 NOP
14E4 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14E6 0000 NOP
14E8 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14EA 0000 NOP
14EC 3283 RRCF 0xf83, F, ACCESS
14EE 0000 NOP
571: PAL_BLOCK_LOAD ; // shift bits, preload and load
14F0 CFEE MOVFF 0xfee, 0xf83
14F2 FF83 NOP
|
The only strange thing I can see it's a lot of Nops instructions...
This weekend, I ll try to work on it!
Thx bruno.
Najim.
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unsuccessful people is that successful people
fail many more times than unsuccessful people.", Brian Tracy |
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BrunoG
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Joined: 22 Nov 2005
Posts: 636
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| Posted: Fri Apr 13, 2007 12:07 pm Post subject: |
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| Najman wrote: | Hi,
I don't really understand when you say:
| Quote: | | "they are optimized for mikroC compiler" |
in wich way is it optimised??? It's the same assembler language... isn't it?
I guess I can make the assembler code, but I don't understand what is going to change from yours...
|
Yes it is the same assembler language but mikroC and C18 don't produce the same micro-code.
for example, then entry and exit code of the ISR may be different, as well as the way the compilers handle memory arrays and pointers.
the result is that the wrong video memory location is displayed in your case, and you have also bad timings because the picture part of the video line is too short.
| Najman wrote: | Well, honestly I haven't analysed it, but here are my compiler's macros translation in assemble...
|
It should be analysed in detail, you have to check at first if FSR0 is pointing to the correct video memory location.
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